Aluminum CAS 7429-90-5 is a metallic element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. Its elemental substance is a silver white light metal. It has extensibility. Products are often made into rods, sheets, foils, powders, ribbons, and filaments. A layer of oxide film can be formed in humid air to prevent metal corrosion. Aluminum powder can burn fiercely when heated in the air and emit a dazzling white flame. Easily soluble in dilute sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide solutions, but insoluble in water. Relative density 2.70. Melting point 660 ℃. Boiling point 2327 ℃. Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the Earth’s crust, ranking third in content after oxygen and silicon. The development of the three important industries of aviation, construction, and automotive requires the unique properties of aluminum and its alloys in material properties, which greatly facilitates the production and application of this new metal aluminum. The application is extremely extensive.

Chinese name: Aluminum

Foreign name: Aluminum

Chemical formula: Al

CAS login number: 7429-90-5

Melting point: 660 ℃

Boiling point: 2327 ℃

Water solubility: insoluble in water

Density: 2.7 g/cm ³

Main purpose

The use of a substance largely depends on its properties. Aluminum has a wide range of uses due to its various excellent properties.

Aluminum and aluminum alloys are currently one of the most widely used and economically applicable materials. Since 1956, the world’s aluminum production has surpassed that of copper and has consistently ranked first among non-ferrous metals. The current production and consumption of aluminum (in tons) are second only to steel, making it the second largest metal used by humans; Moreover, aluminum resources are very abundant, and according to preliminary calculations, the storage capacity of aluminum deposits accounts for over 8% of the crustal composition.

The light weight and corrosion resistance of aluminum are two prominent characteristics of its performance.

1. The density of aluminum is very small, only 2.7g/cm ³， Although it is relatively soft, it can be made into various aluminum alloys, such as hard aluminum, superhard aluminum, rust resistant aluminum, cast aluminum, etc. These aluminum alloys are widely used in manufacturing industries such as airplanes, automobiles, trains, and ships. In addition, space rockets, space shuttles, and artificial satellites also use a large amount of aluminum and its alloys. For example, a supersonic aircraft is composed of approximately 70% aluminum and its alloys. Aluminum is also widely used in ship construction, and a large passenger ship often consumes several thousand tons of aluminum.

2. Aluminum has a conductivity second only to silver, copper, and gold. Although its conductivity is only 2/3 that of copper, its density is only 1/3 that of copper. Therefore, when transporting the same amount of electricity, the mass of aluminum wire is only half that of copper wire. The oxide film on the surface of aluminum not only has the ability to resist corrosion, but also has a certain degree of insulation, making it widely used in the electrical manufacturing industry, wire and cable industry, and radio industry.

3. Aluminum is a good conductor of heat, with a thermal conductivity three times greater than iron. In industry, aluminum can be used to manufacture various heat exchangers, heat dissipation materials, and cooking utensils.

4. Aluminum has good ductility (second only to gold and silver), and can be made into aluminum foil thinner than 0.01mm at 100 ℃ to 150 ℃. These aluminum foils are widely used for packaging cigarettes, candy, etc. They can also be made into aluminum wire, aluminum strip, and can be rolled into various aluminum products.

5. The surface of aluminum is less susceptible to corrosion due to its dense oxide protective film, and is often used to manufacture chemical reactors, medical devices, refrigeration devices, petroleum refining devices, oil and natural gas pipelines, etc.

6. Aluminum powder has a silver white luster (usually the color of metals in powder form is mostly black), and is commonly used as a coating, commonly known as silver powder or silver paint, to protect iron products from corrosion and be beautiful.

7. Aluminum can emit a large amount of heat and dazzling light when burned in oxygen, and is commonly used in the production of explosive mixtures, such as ammonium aluminum explosives (composed of ammonium nitrate, charcoal powder, aluminum powder, smoke black, and other combustible organic compounds), combustion mixtures (such as bombs and shells made of thermite that can be used to attack difficult to ignite targets or tanks, artillery, etc.), and lighting mixtures (such as barium nitrate 68%, aluminum powder 28%, shellac 4%).

8. Aluminizing agents are commonly used for melting refractory metals and welding steel rails. Aluminum is also used as a deoxidizer in the steelmaking process. Aluminum powder, graphite, titanium dioxide (or other high melting point metal oxides) are uniformly mixed in a certain ratio and coated on the metal. After high-temperature calcination, they are made into high-temperature resistant cermets, which have important applications in rocket and missile technology.

7. Aluminum plates also have good reflection performance against light, with stronger UV reflection than silver. The purer aluminum, the better its reflection ability. Therefore, it is commonly used to manufacture high-quality mirrors, such as solar stove mirrors.

8. Aluminum has sound absorption performance and good sound effects, so ceilings in broadcasting rooms and modern large buildings also use aluminum. Low temperature resistance, aluminum increases its strength without brittleness at low temperatures, making it an ideal material for low-temperature devices such as cold storage, freezers, and production equipment for Antarctic snow vehicles.

9. Aluminum air battery, as the name suggests, is a new type of battery that uses aluminum and air as battery materials. Its pollution-free, long-lasting, stable and reliable power supply is a very environmentally friendly battery. The structure and raw materials used in batteries can vary according to different practical environments and requirements, and have great adaptability. They can be used both on land and in the deep sea, as well as for power batteries and signal batteries with long lifespan and high specific energy.

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