Formamide 99.9% CAS 75-12-7 is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NO. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with a slight ammonia odor. It is a raw material for synthesizing pharmaceuticals, spices, dyes, and other materials. It can also be used as a solvent in the spinning of synthetic fibers, plastic processing, and the production of casein ink

Chinese name Formamide

Foreign name Formamide

Nickname amino formaldehyde

Chemical formula CH3NO

Molecular weight 45.04

CAS login number 75-12-7

EINECS login number 200-842-0

Melting point 2 to 3 ℃

Boiling point 210.5 ℃

Water solubility and water miscibility

Density 1.134 g/cm ³

Colorless and transparent liquid in appearance

Flash point 154.4 ℃ (open cup)

Safety description S23 for applications as spinning solvents and organic synthesis intermediates; S26; S36/37/39; S45; S53 Hazard Symbol T Hazard Description R61

Physical and chemical properties editing and broadcasting

physical property

Density: 1.134g/cm3

Melting point: 2-3 ℃

Boiling point: 210 ℃.

Flash point: 154 ℃ (open cup)

Refractive index: 1.447 (20 ℃)

Character: Transparent oily liquid with slight ammonia odor, hygroscopic, flammable

Solubility: Insoluble in ethers and chlorinated solvents, slightly soluble in benzene, and able to mix with water, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, acetone, dioxane, ethylene glycol, phenol, and lower esters. Can dissolve casein, but not albumin. It can also dissolve casein, glucose, corn protein, gelatin, animal glue, resin, starch, lignin, acetate fiber, nylon, and certain inorganic salts, chlorides of copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, iron, aluminum, and nickel, as well as certain sulfates and nitrates.

chemical property

At room temperature, the hydrolysis rate of formamide is very slow. Increasing the temperature or adding acids or bases can accelerate hydrolysis. In the presence of a catalyst, heating to below 35 ℃ can decompose into hydrogen cyanide. Formamide has two active functional groups, carbonyl and amide, which are prone to chemical reactions and generate many nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Formamide can react with inorganic acids to form formic acid and ammonium salts. React with organic halides or alcohols in the presence of a catalyst to produce formate esters. This product can also be compatible with β- Diketone β- Amine ketone, fatty coupling, aromatic coupling, heterocyclic coupling reactions. It can combine with cobalt salts, copper salts, and nickel salts to form complexes. When formamide encounters strong dehydrating agents such as phosphorus pentoxide, it can generate hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with phosphorus pentasulfide to produce thioformamide. Formamide can strongly corrode copper, brass, lead, and rubber, so attention should be paid during storage and transportation.

Purpose

Formamide has active reactivity and special solubility, and can be used as an organic synthesis raw material, paper processing agent, softener for fiber industry, softener for animal glue, and analytical reagent for determining amino acid content in rice. In organic synthesis, the use of pharmaceuticals is predominant, and there are also many uses in pesticides, dyes, pigments, spices, and additives.

Used as an intermediate to synthesize imidazole, pyrimidine, 1,3,5-triazine, caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine. Used as raw materials for dyes, spices, pigments, adhesives, textile additives, paper processing agents, etc. Raw materials for producing formic acid and dimethylformamide.

It is also an excellent organic solvent, mainly used in the spinning of acrylonitrile copolymers and ion exchange resins, as well as in the anti-static or conductive coating of plastic products. In addition, it is also used for separating chlorosilane, purifying oils, etc. Formamide can undergo various reactions, including dehydration, CO removal, introduction of amino groups, introduction of acyl groups, and cyclization, in addition to involving three hydrogen atoms.

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